June-bearing Strawberry
Fragaria x ananassa
One heavy crop in three weeks. The type to grow if you are making jam.
A concentrated crop
June-bearers set flower buds in the short days of autumn and produce one heavy flush the following June over two to three weeks. Total yield is the highest of any strawberry type and the berries are the largest - which is exactly right for jam, freezing and a serious harvest, and wrong if you want a handful a day all summer.
Pinch every flower the first year
Remove all blossoms in the planting year so the plant builds roots and runners instead. It costs you one season and roughly doubles the crop from year two onward. This is the single most important thing you can do for a new June-bearing bed.
Matted row system
Set plants eighteen inches apart and let the runners fill in to form a band eighteen to twenty-four inches wide, thinning to roughly one plant per six inches. This gives the highest yield. The alternative hill system, removing all runners, gives bigger berries but much lower totals - use it only for day-neutrals.
Crown depth
Plant so the crown sits exactly at soil level - buried crowns rot, exposed roots dry. This kills more new beds than anything else.
Renovate immediately after harvest
Mow the foliage to an inch above the crowns, narrow the row back to about a foot, thin crowded plants, weed, and fertilise. Do it within a week of the last picking. Renovation is what keeps a matted row productive, and skipping it is why beds decline.
Frost protection at bloom
A light frost kills open flowers - the giveaway is a black centre - and a killed flower makes no fruit. Cover the bed with row fabric on frosty spring nights. Since the whole crop comes at once, one bad night can cost most of the year.
Straw mulch and disease
Straw keeps fruit off wet soil, cuts grey mould, suppresses weeds and holds moisture. In winter, three to four inches over the crowns after the ground freezes prevents heaving; pull it back in early spring. Do not plant where tomatoes, potatoes, peppers or eggplant have grown in three years, because of verticillium.
Pests
Slugs, birds and spotted wing drosophila. Net against birds; pick completely and frequently against drosophila.
Renew on a cycle
Yields fall after three or four years as virus and disease build. Start a new bed from your own runners on fresh ground every third year.
- Crop
- One flush, 2-3 wks
- First fruit
- Year 2
- Spacing
- 18 in
- System
- Matted row
- Runners
- Many - let them fill
- Yield
- Highest total
- pH
- 5.5-6.5
- Renovate
- After harvest